Cecilia Gentili, a veteranadvocate for the transgender community and former sex worker, strained to be heard over the raucous cheers. A lineup of state lawmakers — state Sens. Julia Salazar and Jessica Ramos, and Assembly members Richard Gottfried, Dan Quart and Catalina Cruz — stood a few feet away, all openly supportive of the decriminalization of sex work.
New Zealand fully decriminalized sex work in , and two states or territories in Australia have done the same. And Washington, D. Alessandra Biaggi as well as Salazar, ran on platforms that included the decriminalization ofsex work , the once-unimaginable seems closer to reality than ever before: New York couldbecome the first state in the U.
How has New York — a blue state, but one founded on the same Puritan values as the rest of the nation — found itself on the front lines of decriminalizingthe trade of sex for money? Shifting attitudes, along with widespread calls for criminal justice reform and the evolving discourse around economic disparities, have repositioned sex work from what was once taboo into yet another labor issue: a case of regular people trying to do their jobs. That work is gradual and grueling.
For sex workers, Luo argued, making too many concessions means permitting more of the same harassment and arrests. In , former sex worker Margo St. An outspoken feminist, St. New branches formed across the country during the s, and in , sex worker Jean Powell launched Prostitutes of New York. Following St. But organizers knew that eliminating the threat of arrest was only one of many necessary steps; eradicating the stigma that made it difficult for sex workers to secure resources, like health care and housing, was just as crucial. As women secured new rights throughout the s — in , single women won the constitutional right to acquire birth control, and a year later, the U.
Supreme Court made it illegal to ban abortions with its ruling in Roe v. Wade — sex workers asked: What about bodily autonomy around pornography, prostitution and all other jobs in the sex trade? Luo suspects decriminalization would pass much faster in a watered-down, "shitty" form. She prefers the longer, more difficult route. The self-proclaimedabolitionists argued that pornography and prostitution were a direct result of patriarchal oppression and that all women participating in those trades were victims of exploitation and thus not true laborers with their own agency.
Feminist sex workers bristled at the notion that they had no minds or wills of their own.
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The AIDS epidemic only increased public squeamishness around sex. While sex worker advocates argued that decriminalization would help prevent the spread of HIV, few agencies or legislators responded. Throughout the s, gentrification pushed urban streetwalkers away from busy areas, while the rise of internet access drew many of them indoors. The personals sections of message boards and online listing services became lively commerce hubs where sex workers advertised their services. From behind computer screens, sex workers communicated with each other more freely, flagging dangerous johns to avoid and trading safety tips.
Some sex workers still solicited outdoors and the trade was still illegal, but the internet created a much-needed safe harbor for many. In the early s, President George W. Meant to describe the forcible, exploitative push of people into the sex trade, the term was so loosely defined and applied that it swept up consensual sex workers along with it.
Instead of incarcerating people picked up for prostitution, this system — called the Human Trafficking Intervention Courts — funneled them into required counseling sessions.
If the defendant attends the mandatory appointments and avoids getting arrested again within six months, the charges other than a loitering with the intent for prostitution violation, which is never sealable are expunged from their records. While New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio agreed to close Rikers Island within the next 10 years, he reasoned that the second suggestion would make it difficult for officers to identify and rescue sex trafficking victims.
Craigslist shuttered its personals section days before the law was signed in April , and the popular personal ads host Backpage.
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By winter, Tumblr, a once-popular porn destination, moved to block all adult content. Senate in March , Rep. Through mutual connections in leftist politics, Weinstein helped put Luo in contact with Maloney's primary rival, Suraj Patel. In the June primary, Patel lost to Maloney. Nonetheless, Luo was encouraged. She saw early signs that her electoral strategy could work — if she found the right candidates.
Salazar was challenging an eight-term incumbent, state Sen. Sex workers had tried to help elect allies before, Luo noted, but the community had never seriously coalesced around candidates for public office. On a Saturday afternoon in July , Salazar met with Luo, who would soonhelp her campaign attract national attention. The idea of full decriminalization was discussed relatively little, Salazar recalled, because it seemed a bit premature. Republicans still controlled the state Senate, after all.
Instead, the conversation focused on steps to protect sex workers right away, including repealing the loitering for the purpose of prostitution statute. Successfully introducing Salazar to the sex work community in the coming months would mark the first step. Brad Hoylman had introduced such legislation in the previous session. While Salazar settled into her new role in Albany, advocates and organizers looked for other decriminalization allies in the state Legislature.
During an event celebrating the passage of the Gender Expression Non-Discrimination Act, which banned conversion therapy and discrimination based on gender identity, transgender community members approached Assemblyman Richard Gottfried. The activists primed Gottfried on the next priority in their agenda: the full decriminalization of sex work.
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